General partnership
Avoin yhtiö (Ay), general partnershipFinland
What it takes to form, own and run a general partnership in Finland, and how its profit is taxed. Each figure links to the page it was read from.
This company type
At a glance
Owners' liability
Unlimited: the owners answer with their own assets
Owners
At least 2
Officialfinlex.fiRead 10 Oct 2026
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Avoimessa yhtiössä ja kommandiittiyhtiössä kaksi tai useampi harjoittaa yhtiösopimuksen perusteella yhdessä elinkeinotoimintaa
Directors
Does not apply
Minimum capital
Does not apply
Formation fee
EUR 300
Tax on profit
Through owners
Officialvero.fiRead 10 Oct 2026
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General and limited partnerships report their business income details for income taxation
Notary needed: NoFormed without visiting: YesFormed online: Yes
Form it
Who registers it
- Registry
- Formed without visiting
- Yes
- Formed online
- Yes
What it takes to form
- A notary
- Not required
- A resident director
- Does not apply
- Paying up the capital
- Each partner must make the contribution agreed in the partnership agreement; an unpaid money contribution carries default interest (Partnership Act ch. 2 s.6). The agreement need state no minimum, and a partnership has no share capital.
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Yhtiömiehen on suoritettava yhtiölle yhtiösopimuksessa sovittu yhtiöpanos. Maksamattomalle rahamääräiselle yhtiöpanokselle on maksettava viivästyskorkoa korkolaissa (633/82) säädetyllä tavalla.
Own it
Who may own and run it
- Directors
- Does not apply
- Shareholders
- Does not apply
- Members
- At least 2
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Avoimessa yhtiössä ja kommandiittiyhtiössä kaksi tai useampi harjoittaa yhtiösopimuksen perusteella yhdessä elinkeinotoimintaa
- A local company secretary
- Not required
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Avoimen yhtiön perusilmoituksessa on mainittava: 1) yhtiön toiminimi; 2) päivä, jona yhtiösopimus on allekirjoitettu; 3) kaikkien yhtiömiesten henkilötiedot;
- A local registered agent
- Not required
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Avoimen yhtiön perusilmoituksessa on mainittava: 1) yhtiön toiminimi; 2) päivä, jona yhtiösopimus on allekirjoitettu; 3) kaikkien yhtiömiesten henkilötiedot;
Each year, at the registry
- Annual registry fee
- Free
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Tilinpäätöksen ilmoittaminen YTJ-palvelussa tai verkkolomakkeella on maksutonta.
- Accounts on the public record
- Small exempt
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Avoin yhtiö ja kommandiittiyhtiö tekevät tilinpäätösilmoituksen kaupparekisteriin 6 kuukauden kuluessa tilikauden päättymisestä vain, kun joku seuraavista kolmesta edellytyksestä täyttyy:
- Audit for a small company
- Not stated
The registry’s and the law’s own pages do not mention it.
- Audit
- Not in our records
Important dates
When each obligation falls due, as the authority states it.
Not in our records No dates for the Avoin yhtiö (Ay), general partnership are in our records.
What is public
- Directors
- Public
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Jokaisella on oikeus saada kaupparekisterin merkinnöistä ja rekisteriviranomaisen hallussa olevista asiakirjoista tietoja, otteita ja todistuksia.
- Beneficial owners
- To those with a legitimate interest
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Jokaisella on oikeus saada kaupparekisterin merkinnöistä ja rekisteriviranomaisen hallussa olevista asiakirjoista tietoja, otteita ja todistuksia.
Tax
Tax on profit
How this company type is taxed, which can differ from its place’s headline rate.
Through owners
General and limited partnerships report their business income on Form 6A; the partners are taxed on their shares.
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General and limited partnerships report their business income details for income taxation
- CFC rules in Finland
- Yes
Close it
Closing it
The other end, which most guides leave out.
- Route
- Dissolution under the Partnership Act (389/1988): a partner may demand dissolution on the grounds in ch. 5 s.1 (notice given and period run, end of the agreed term, a partner's bankruptcy or the seizure of a partner's share, a partner's death, loss of the conditions for continuing); the partnership is then wound up as the partnership agreement provides or the partners agree, and otherwise placed in liquidation. The liquidator applies for a public summons to the creditors and pays debts before distributing assets (5:15), gives a final account (5:16), and notifies the liquidation and its end to the Trade Register (5:18), then the dissolution once assets are distributed (6:5).
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Yhtiömiehellä on oikeus vaatia yhtiön purkamista, kun:
- Statutory fee
- EUR 200
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joista Patentti- ja rekisterihallitus jättää maksun perimättä, ovat:
Every business in Finland
VAT
- Standard rate
- 25.5%Official European Commission, Taxes in Europe Database situation on 2026/07/01
- Other rates
- 13.5% Food and groceries, restaurant and meal services, books, pharmaceuticals, sanitary products and baby nappies, sports and fitness services, cultural and entertainment admissions, passenger transport, accommodation and performing artists' fees
- 10% Newspapers and magazines, print and electronic
- 0% Zero-rated sales such as exports outside the EU and intra-Community supplies to VAT-liable buyers
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2. Reduced VAT rate 13,5% Up to 31 December 2025, the reduced rate was 14%.
- Registration threshold
- EUR 20,000
turnover (net sales) subject to VAT; calendar year
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The company is liable to pay VAT and it has to be entered in the VAT register if its turnover exceeds €20,000 in a calendar year.
- Voluntary registration
- Yes
A business with turnover of no more than €20,000 in a calendar year may register for VAT voluntarily; VAT is then payable from the date of registration.
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In some circumstances, the company can register for VAT voluntarily, for example if it is engaged in small business where the turnover is no more than €20,000 in a calendar year.
- A foreign company
- The same threshold applies
The €20,000 calendar-year threshold applies to a foreign business too: if turnover is expected to stay below it, the company need not enter the VAT register. EU businesses may instead use the EU SME scheme up to €100,000 of Union turnover. The Tax Administration's guidance names no fiscal representative requirement.
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If you estimate that your company's turnover for the financial year (12 months) will be less than EUR 20,000, the company does not have to be registered in the VAT register.
- Returns filed
- Monthly
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In general, the default value is the calendar month.
- Tax authority
- Registration page read 2026-10-22
Payment and banking services
5 services name Finland on their own list: Paysera, Airwallex, Stripe, Revolut, N26. Each provider, and what a listing means.
Reference
Its name and code
- Kind
- General partnershipDerived our grouping, the same words in every country
- Name in law
- Avoin yhtiö (Ay), general partnership
- ISO 20275 code
- PPMXSecondary GLEIF, Entity Legal Forms code list