Türkiye
Türkiye: 5 company types, its taxes, banking and business environment, and what it is known for.
Forming a company
Company types in Türkiye
The 5 forms a founder can choose here, each with its own figures. Open one for its sources.
What it is known for
Where Türkiye is in the world’s top 10 on a measure anyone can check, the best rank first. Only the top is shown; a low rank is never stated.
- World’s1stWorld-leading exports Woven carpets and rugsCarpets and other textile floor coverings, woven, not tufted or flocked, whether or not made up, including Kelem, Schumacks, Karamanie and similar hand-woven rugsUS$2.3 bn · 41.1% of world exports of 173 exporters · 2024 CEPII BACI, January 2026 release See the top 10
- World’s2ndWorld-leading exports Buses and coachesMotor vehicles for the transport of ten or more persons, including the driverUS$2.7 bn · 12.4% of world exports of 132 exporters · 2024 CEPII BACI, January 2026 release See the top 10
- World’s2ndWorld-leading exports Iron and steel bars and rodsOther bars and rods of iron or non-alloy steel, not further worked than forged, hot-rolled, hot-drawn or hot-extruded, but including those twisted after rollingUS$2.2 bn · 12.0% of world exports of 145 exporters · 2024 CEPII BACI, January 2026 release See the top 10
- World’s9thLogistics and freight Air freight carried8,367 million tonne-km of 137 economies · 2023 World Bank, World Development Indicators See the top 10
- World’s10thResearch and technology Patent applications by residents10,004 of 121 economies · 2024 World Bank, World Development Indicators See the top 10
A rank is among everything the source reports for that year, so it moves when the source adds or drops economies. Exports include goods passing through for re-export. Nothing here is a recommendation.
Doing business here
Business accounts
Providers whose own published list of countries names Türkiye. A listing means a company formed here may apply, not that it will be accepted.
Not in our records No provider's country list has been read for Türkiye.
EU listings
Two lists a bank checks when it opens an account for a company or its owner.
- EU high-risk third countries (AML)
- Not listed
- EU non-cooperative jurisdictions for tax purposes
- Not listedOfficial EUR-Lex, 52026XG01465, Annex I as of 2026-02-17
Official sites
The authorities’ own sites for Türkiye: where to register, file and check.
Blocs and agreements
The trade arrangements Türkiye belongs to, as each arrangement’s own texts state them: since when, and what each covers. What a membership means for a business is for you to judge.
- EU–Turkey customs union
- Customs union with the European Union · since 31 December 1995
Covers goods, a common external tariff.
Quote
This Decision shall enter into force on 31 December 1995.
- Andean Community
- Observer
Listed as observer country ("Türkiye"); no date given.
Quote
La Comunidad Andina, integrada por Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador y Perú es un organismo internacional líder en integración en el continente
Regional and customs arrangements only, 36 of them; bilateral trade agreements are not yet in our records.
Tax
Company tax
Tax, and what the company owes the registry each year.
- Corporate income tax
- 25%
- Distributions
- Not in our records
- Audit
- Independent audit applies only to capital companies in listed activities or meeting at least two of three thresholds (total assets, net sales, employees) in two consecutive periods (Presidential Decision 6434, as amended); a company below them is not audited.Official The registry or ministry page as of 2026-10-10
Quote
en az ikisinde eşik değerleri sağlayan sermaye şirketleri bağımsız denetime tabidir.
- Small-company relief
- Not in our records
- Annual obligations
- Not in our records
- Annual registry fee
- Not in our records
VAT
The tax on what the company sells in Türkiye, and when it must register, as the tax authority states it.
- Standard rate
- 20%
The general rate rose from 18% to 20% on 10 July 2023; the 8% rate on the Annex II list rose to 10% on the same date.
Quote
a) Ekli listelerde yer alanlar hariç olmak üzere, vergiye tabi işlemler için, (7346 sayılı Cumhurbaşkanı Kararı ile değişen ibare. Yürürlük: 10/07/2023) % 20
- Other rates
- 10% Goods and services in Annex II to the VAT rates decision
- 1% Goods and services in Annex I to the VAT rates decision
Quote
b) Ekli (I) sayılı listede yer alan teslim ve hizmetler için, % 1
- Registration threshold
- Not in our records
- A foreign company
- See the note
The Revenue Administration's website is drawn by script and gave no readable text; the rates decision and general application communiqué read state no rule for a business established abroad, so the non-resident answers are left unrecorded.
- Tax authority
- Gelir İdaresi Başkanlığı (Revenue Administration)
Tax calendar
When the main returns and payments fall due in Türkiye, tax year 2026, as the tax authority states it.
- Corporate tax return
- 3 months and 25 days after the end of the accounting period · each year
Corporate Tax Law 5520 Art. 14(3): the return is filed from the 1st to the 25th evening of the fourth month after the month in which the accounting period closes (25 April for a calendar-year company). Recorded as 3 months plus 25 days after the period end, which gives the 25th of the fourth month for any month-end year-end. Read 25 Oct 2026 on mevzuat.gov.tr.
Quote
Kurumlar vergisi beyannamesi, hesap döneminin kapandığı ayı izleyen dördüncü ayın birinci gününden yirmibeşinci günü akşamına kadar mükellefin bağlı olduğu vergi dairesine verilir.
- Corporate tax, final payment
- 4 months after the end of the accounting period · each year
Corporate Tax Law 5520 Art. 21(1): the tax is paid by the end of the month in which the return is filed. The return is due in the fourth month after the accounting period closes (Art. 14(3)), so payment is due by the end of that month (30 April for a calendar-year company). Read 25 Oct 2026 on mevzuat.gov.tr.
Quote
Kurumlar vergisi, beyannamenin verildiği ayın sonuna kadar ödenir.
- Corporate tax, instalments
- Day 17 of the following month · each quarter
Provisional tax (gecici vergi) for the quarter Jul-Sep is due 17 Nov: the 17th of the second month after the quarter. Declaration and payment together. Calendar page is script-drawn, so content_sha256 is null.
Quote
2026 III. Geçici Vergi Dönemine (Temmuz-Ağustos-Eylül) Ait Kurum Geçici Vergisinin Beyanı ve Ödemesi 17 Kas Son Gün
- Personal income-tax return
- 25 March · each year
Income Tax Law 193 Art. 92: the return for a calendar year is filed from the start of March to the evening of the 25th of March of the following year. Read 25 Oct 2026 on mevzuat.gov.tr.
Quote
Bir takvim yılına ait beyanname izleyen yılın Mart ayının başından yirmibeşinci günü akşamına kadar
- Personal income tax, final payment
- 31 March · twice a year
Income Tax Law 193 Art. 117: the tax assessed on the annual return is paid in two equal instalments, in March and July. The Law names the months, not a day; the end of the first month (31 March) is recorded and the second instalment falls in July. Read 25 Oct 2026 on mevzuat.gov.tr.
Quote
Yıllık beyanname ile bildirilen gelir üzerinden tahakkuk ettirilen gelir vergisi, Mart ve Temmuz aylarında olmak üzere iki eşit taksitte ödenir.
- Personal income tax, instalments
- Day 17 of the following month · each quarter
Income-tax provisional tax for the Jul-Sep quarter due 17 Nov (applies to those with business or professional income). Calendar page is script-drawn, so content_sha256 is null.
Quote
2026 III. Geçici Vergi Dönemine (Temmuz-Ağustos-Eylül) Ait Gelir Geçici Vergisinin Beyanı ve Ödemesi 17 Kas Son Gün
- VAT return
- Day 28 of the following month · each month
September 2026 VAT return and payment due 28 Oct. Declaration and payment together. Calendar page is script-drawn, so content_sha256 is null.
Quote
Eylül 2026 Dönemine Ait Katma Değer Vergisinin Beyanı ve Ödemesi 28 Eki Son Gün
- Payroll withholding
- Day 28 of the following month · each month
Withholding (muhtasar) return and payment for September due 28 Oct; those entitled under GVK art. 98(3) file quarterly. Calendar page is script-drawn, so content_sha256 is null.
Quote
Eylül 2026 Dönemine Ait GVK 94. Madde ile KVK 15. ve 30. Maddelerine Göre Yapılan Tevkifatların Muhtasar ve Prim Hizmet Beyannamesi ile Beyanı ve Ödemesi 28 Eki Son Gün
Running the company
Running a company here
Not in our records The authorities’ pages on running a company have not been read for Türkiye yet.
Economy and trade
What it exports
Goods Türkiye exported, by product, as a share of its goods exports each year. Exports include goods passing through for re-export. A share describes Türkiye’s own trade; it does not compare places.
| Product (HS heading) | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | Value, 2024 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport of persons (other than those of heading 8702), including station wagons and racing cars HS 8703 | 3.7% | 4.6% | 5.1% | US$13.5 bn |
| Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, other than crude; preparations not elsewhere specified or included, containing by weight 70 % or more of petroleum oils or of oils obtained from bituminous minerals, these oils being the basic constituents of the preparations; waste oils HS 2710 | 4.2% | 4.2% | 4.4% | US$11.9 bn |
| Articles of jewellery and parts thereof, of precious metal or of metal clad with precious metal HS 7113 | 3.1% | 3.2% | 3.4% | US$9 bn |
| Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 8701 to 8705 HS 8708 | 2.6% | 2.9% | 3.0% | US$8 bn |
| Motor vehicles for the transport of goods HS 8704 | 2.3% | 2.5% | 2.7% | US$7.3 bn |
| Gold (including gold plated with platinum), unwrought or in semi-manufactured forms, or in powder form HS 7108 | 0.65% | 1.7% | 1.6% | US$4.4 bn |
| Insulated (including enamelled or anodised) wire, cable (including coaxial cable) and other insulated electric conductors, whether or not fitted with connectors; optical fibre cables, made up of individually sheathed fibres, whether or not assembled with electric conductors or fitted with connectors HS 8544 | 1.4% | 1.5% | 1.5% | US$4.1 bn |
| Women's or girls' suits, ensembles, jackets, blazers, dresses, skirts, divided skirts, trousers, bib and brace overalls, breeches and shorts (other than swimwear) HS 6204 | 1.5% | 1.5% | 1.4% | US$3.6 bn |
| T-shirts, singlets and other vests, knitted or crocheted HS 6109 | 1.1% | 1.1% | 1.1% | US$2.8 bn |
| Structures (excluding prefabricated buildings of heading 9406) and parts of structures (for example, bridges and bridge-sections, lock-gates, towers, lattice masts, roofs, roofing frameworks, doors and windows and their frames and thresholds for doors, shutters, balustrades, pillars and columns), of iron or steel; plates, rods, angles, shapes, sections, tubes and the like, prepared for use in structures, of iron or steel HS 7308 | 0.96% | 1.0% | 1.0% | US$2.8 bn |
Total goods exports, 2024: US$267.4 bn. The ten largest headings are shown.